Unlike many experimental NRF2 activators (e.g., synthetic electrophiles or natural compounds like sulforaphane), DMF has undergone extensive Phase III trials, demonstrating its efficacy and safety in humans
Furthermore, ROS interacts with cellular transduction pathways like protein kinase C/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that can affect cell growth, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and gene expression [10, 11]
GLP-1s havent been proven or approved to treat RA
doi: 10.1155/2015/648108
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[58] [59] The FDA has expressed concerns about unapproved GLP-1 products sold for weight loss, including unapproved semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide products, compounded products made with inappropriate ingredients, and dosing errors caused by variable concentrations or patient measurement errors
