Importantly, these findings were independent of any direct action of leptin in the heart since no spillover of leptin into the circulation was detected during ICV leptin infusion (Fig
These cytokines can promote cognitive dysfunction as they are able to disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB), allowing proinflammatory cytokines (52), cells (such as dendritic, B cells, and T cells) (52), and gut microbes or toxins (355) to translocate into the brain and promote inflammation ( Figure 10 )
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Elevated ROS levels can exacerbate mitochondrial damage, primarily manifested as irreversible ultrastructural pathological changes such as mitochondrial swelling, cristae fragmentation, and membrane rupture [45]
Session Information Date: Sunday, October 26, 2025 Title: (04300469) Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis, Manifestations, and Outcomes Poster I Session Type: Poster Session A Session Time: 10:30AM-12:30PM Background/Purpose: Obesity significantly increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet effective strategies for managing obesity-related risks in this population remain limited
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