Compared to mouse macrophages, the primary bovine PBMC used in this study constituted a heterogenous cell population, comprising a monocyte population of approximately 10% as shown by hematological analyses (11, 17)
Berberine is a bioactive compound extracted from various plants, including Berberis species, and has been used in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for centuries
The mechanism of action can be summarized in the following three stages: reaction with superoxide anion radical to prevent free radical trigger, inhibition of the Fenton reaction to prevent hydroxyl radical generation, and reaction with lipid peroxidation groups to prevent lipid peroxidation
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Subcutaneous injection The most common administration route for research applications
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